[Biblical references: Genesis Chapters: 16- 17]
1. The Conception and Birth of Ishmael
(a) The Human Plan – Hagar as Surrogate Mother
In their state of frustration and hopelessness to have a child or son, Sarah (called Sarai before the birth of Isaac) humanly planned (Gen.16:1-3) and agreed by Abraham (or Abram before the birth of Isaac) to marry Hagar (or Hajar) (Gen.16:4). Hagar was Sarah’s favourite Egyptian maid (Gen.16:3).
(b) The Conception of Ishmael
When Hagar conceived, Sarah felt devastated in her presence, and the blamed Abraham’s sinfulness for their childlessness. (Gen.16:5). Hagar fled because of Sarah’s mistreatment (Gen. 16:6). While on way to the wilderness of Shaur, Hagar stopped by a spring or well [called Beer-lahau-roi located between Kadesh and Bered].
Hagar’s Obedience
An angel of God spoke instructed Hagar thereat to return home to her mistress (Sarah): “Return to your mistress, and submit yourself to her authority.” (Gen.16:9)
The angel also said to Hagar: (Gen.16:11-12)
“Behold, you are with child, And you shall bear a son, And You shall call him Ishmael, Because the Lord has given heed to your affliction.” The angel also gave Hagar descriptions of Ishmael - what would Ishmael [including Ishmael’s descendents] be like.
“And he will be like a wild donkey of a man. His hand will be against everyone, and everyone hand will be against him, And he will live to the east of his brothers.”
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(c) The Birth of Ishmael Abraham was 86 years old when Ishmael was born.
2. God made Covenants (promises) with Abraham
When God spoke to him Abraham was ninety-nine (99) years (Ref: Genesis 17:7-) God said:-
Verses 1-2 : “I am God Almighty, Walk before Me and be blameless.
Verse 3: And will multiply you exceedingly....(verse:4) Behold My Covenant is with you(Abraham) And you shall be the father of a multitude of nations ... No longer you name be called Abram, but your name shall be Abraham.....
Verse:7:“And I will establish My Covenants between you and Me and your descendants after you through their generations for an everlasting Covenant to be their God ....”
Verse: 8: “I will give you and to your descendants after you the land of your sojourning, all the land of Canaan for an eve lasting possession, and I will be their God.”
3. The Conception and Birth of Isaac
(a) God’s Plan - The Conception and Birth of Isaac
Verse: 15-16: As for Sarai your wife, she will not call her name Sarai, but Sarah will be her name I will bless her and I will give you a son by her. I will bless her and she will be a mother to all nations ....”
In his disbelief, Abraham laughed in his heart saying (to himself – stated in Gen 17:18): “Will a child be born to a man one hundred (100) years old?And will Sarai, who is ninety (90) years old , bear a child?”
Abraham was sceptical and doubtful questioned God: “Oh that Ishmael might live before Thee” (Gen.17:18)
But God said [to Abraham] (Verse 19): “No, But Sarah your wife shall bear you a son and his name shall be called Isaac (Ishaq), and I will establish My covenants with him for an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him”
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God also said- Verse 20: ”And as for Ishmael, I will bless him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly. He shall become father of the twelve (12) princes, and I will make him great nation.
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Verse 21: “But My covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you this season of the year.”
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Ref: Gen. 18
Verse 12-: [Having heard the conversation from inside the tent] “And Sarah laughed to herself, saying “After I have become old, shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?”
Verse 13: “And the Lord said to Abraham: “Why did Sarah laugh saying, “Shall I indeed bear child, when I am so old?”
Verse 14: (The Lord said) “Is anything too difficult for the Lord? At the appointed time I shall return to you. At this time next year, and Sarah shall have a son.”
(b) The Birth of Isaac – Ref. Gen. 21
Verse 3: Isaac born at appointed time.
Verse 5: Abraham was one hundred (100) years old
Verse 9: Ishmael bullied his half- brother Isaac
Verse 10 – 14: Ishmael and Hagar were sent away from the house of Abraham.
(c) The Offering of Isaac – Ref: Gen. 22
Verse 2: ‘And He (God) said, “Take your son, your only son, whom you love, Isaac and go to Moriah and offer him there as your burnt offering ....” ’
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COMMENTS
1. There are spiritual laws to be learned from the above account.
Few examples:-
(a) God is faithful and blesses human plans and endeavours although he/she sidestep
God and seek not God’s guidance and/or help.
(b) Through faith and under God’s instruction and guidance, oppression can be blessings
(Hagar’s case)
(c) What is impossible by man, by God nothing is impossible
(d) God’s ever faithfulness in keeping His promises. God’s delay is not God’s denial.
(e) “FAITH”, “OBEDIENCE”, and “SUBMISSION” are keys to unlock the door of God’s
blessings.
2. From the account above, some of the differences between the two brothers of the same
father are tabulated below.
The Two brothers
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DIFFERENCES
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Plan
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Mother
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Blessings & Characteristics
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Ishmael
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Human’s Plan
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Hagar – an Egyptian
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God’s blessed son – “Wild donkey of a man ...” [Gen. 16:12]
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Isaac
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God’s Plan
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Sarah - Hebrew
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God’s promised son [Gen.17:16] God’s covenanted son [Gen.16:21] God’s chosen sacrifice [Gen..22:2]
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